Many of the causes of kidney failure strike at random, and cannot be predicted or prevented. Others, such as diabetes, are present for many years before they develop into kidney failure. When this is so, there is an opportunity for early diagnosis and prevention of progression of kidney failure to end stage. Recent advances in our understanding of the nature of kidney failure have identified some classes of drugs that seem to particularly protect the kidneys, and to slow or in some cases prevent the gradual deterioration of the kidneys.

This new research has created a great deal of interest in the possibility of picking up kidney failure early and offering preventative treatment before the kidneys are completely destroyed. These early detection and prevention programme are particularly targeted at high-risk groups such as those who have diabetes, high blood pressure, a family history of kidney disease or other predisposing factors.

If you or a member of your family fall into these groups, you should talk to your local doctor about being tested for kidney failure. These are several tests that can detect kidney disease. The initial basic testing procedures can be performed by your GP. If a problem with the kidneys is detected, further testing is necessary.

The tests that can confirm the presence of kidney disease include:



Blood tests    : These measure blood levels of creatinine and urea. Both of these products are normally excreted in the                            urine, but if the kidneys are not functioning properly, increased amounts can be detected in the blood.  

Urine test      : The presence of protein in the urine, simply diagnosed with a dipstick test, can often be marker for silent                         kidney disease.

Renal imaging: Involves taking a picture of the kidney using a variety of methods, such as ultrasound, CAT scan or                              magnetic  resonance imaging. These tests help determine if there are any unusual growths or blockages                          to the flow of  urine.  

Renal biopsy  : A hospital procedure in which a needle is inserted through the skin into the kidney. A small sample of                             kidney tissue is removed for microscopic examination.